The Parisian club has now won the season-opening trophy on fourteen separate occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match featuring the French league champions and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring in the opening stages.
However, Marseille struck two times in the closing moments to take a surprise advantage. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial equaliser in the final moments to send the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for PSG to complete a 4-1 shootout win.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the last thirteen years.